International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep <p><strong>Aim and Scope</strong></p> <p>The aim of International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology (IJCEP) is to publish quality research papers in Physiology that have clinical application in medicine or the papers with experimental evidences having future perspective of application in medicine. As Physiology is the mother-subject of all branches of medicine, the ‘Clinical Physiology’ component will include in addition to the research data in ‘Clinical Physiology’, the research papers from all branches of clinical medicine such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, endocrine disorders, neurological dysfunctions, pulmonary diseases, gastrointestinal disorders etc., explaining the pathophysiological basis of the diseases and the physiological basis of management and prevention of the diseases. The ‘Experimental Physiology’ component will include reports on all experimental physiology research and the experimental models of diseases that facilitate understanding the pathophysiologic processes and management of diseases. However, the works in ‘Applied Physiology’ or the works in ‘Basic Research in Physiology’ intending to have application in clinical physiology and medicine will be considered for publication in IJCEP. Also, ‘Preventive Physiology’ such as role of nutrition, relaxation therapy, yoga, exercises etc. in health promotion will be published in this journal.</p> <p><strong>Subjects Covered</strong></p> <p>Physiology (Basic, Experimental, Applied and Clinical), Clinical Medicine, Endocrinology, Neurophysiology, Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Gastrointestinal Physiology and Medicine, Pulmonary Physiology and Medicine, Clinical Biochemistry, Exercise Physiology, Nutrition, Sports Physiology and Medicine, Aviation Physiology and Medicine, Behavioural Physiology and Medicine, Reproductive Physiology and Medicine, Ophthalmic Physiology and Medicine, Physiology and Medicine related to ear, nose and throat, Orthopedic Physiology and Medicine, Pathophysiology of Lifestyle and Stress Disorders, Clinical Pharmacology, Physiology of Metabolism and Metabolic disorders and Physiology of Yoga.</p> EManuscript Technologies en-US International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology 2348-8832 Understanding the Augmented Blood Pressure Variability as a Clinical Marker of Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/799 <p style="text-align: justify;">High blood pressure is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease.<sup>[1]</sup> Most studies on CV risk assessment have used mean blood pressure as the indicator of risk, measured either in clinic or “out of office” settings.<sup>[2]</sup> Nevertheless, blood pressure demonstrates perceptible oscillations in short-term and long-term basis. Blood pressure oscillations during different time scales, known as Blood Pressure Variability (BPV), have become a focus of growing scientific interest. Historically, variability in blood pressure has been viewed as prescribing accurate measurement of mean blood pressure and as a phenomenon to be overcome by improved monitoring. Blood pressure oscillations during different time scales, known as BPV, have become a focus of growing scientific and clinical interest. For at least two decades, this variability has also been recognised as a potential risk factor in its own right.<sup>[2]</sup> In 2010, an analysis of three cohort studies and two randomised trials found that long-term variability in blood pressure was a predictor of stroke and coronary events in high-risk patients.<sup>[2]</sup> BPV can be measured at long-term (seasonal variability or visit-to-visit), at mid-term (differences in consecutive days or weeks) or at short-term (day-night differences or changes induced by other daily activities and conditions). An increased BPV, either at long, mid or short-term is associated with a poor cardiovascular prognosis independently of the amount of blood pressure elevation.<sup>[3]</sup> Nonetheless, there are several aspects of the relationship between BPV, antihypertensive treatment and clinical outcomes that are still unknown in therapeutic targets in clinical practice.</p> Gopal Krushna Pal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 88 89 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.16 Role of Interventional Physiology in Renal Denervation Therapy for Resistant Hypertension https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/782 <p style="text-align: justify;">Interventional physiology is a super specialty of physiology that involves procedures to study the physiological and technical aspects of blood flow, its velocity, Instantaneous wave-Free Ratio (iFR), pressure gradients in various organ systems like coronary, cerebral, renal, hepatic systems and recording and monitoring of various neurohormonal/neurophysiological signals, pressures during intraoperative and perioperative intervals and acts as an adjunct tool in differentiation between normal and abnormal events, responses and lesions. There have been significant advances in interventional cardiac (example: Evaluation using fractional flow reserve or non-hyperemic pressure ratios has become a gold standard for patients suffering from ischemic heart disease) and interventional neurophysiology [example: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM)], but there is strong need for increased enthusiasm and involvement of interventional physiologist in renal system as well. Renal Denervation (RDN) therapy for resistant hypertension is one of such fields and opportunity, where in pre-procedural work up and intra and post-procedural monitoring by interventional physiological techniques by a qualified interventional physiologist along with treating physicians can be game changer in a multidisciplinary team based therapeutical approach.</p> Balaji Pishey Ashwathnarayan Rao Smitha Ranoji Rao Varne ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 90 95 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.17 Effect of Intraperitoneal Injection of Aspirin on Vascular Calcification in a Rat Model https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/764 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Aim: </strong>Aspirin (ASA) is crucial in safeguarding patients at high risk for cardiovascular events by reducing ischemic occurrences. Its protective effects are due to trans-acetylation, which involves a reaction between ASA and the amino groups found in lysine and N-terminal residues. To date, there have been no studies on aspirin injection in arterial calcification. The aim was to confirm by experiments that acetylated aspirin injection can significantly alleviate arterial calcification. <strong>Methods: </strong>The rat’s model of diabetic arterial calcification induced by diabetes+WVK (Warfarin and Vitamin K) and the effect of aspirin injection was evaluated through the measurement of vascular calcification in aorta, smaller arteries. <strong>Results:</strong> Rats that received aspirin injections (60 and 90 mg/kg) for a week showed a significant reduction in calcification in both the aorta and peripheral arteries. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> These results suggested that aspirin injection may be a useful in treatment of vascular calcification.</p> You Jong Go Yong Il Ri Song Chan Han Un Byol Jong Myong Hui Kim ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 96 99 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.18 The Impact of Musa acuminata Sap on Leptin and Adiponectin Concentration in High Fat Diet Induced Obesity on the Offspring of Wistar Rat https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/771 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Aim:</strong> The prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders is a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies to improve the health and wellbeing of individuals battling this ill health. This study investigated the impact of<em> Musa acuminata </em>sap (MAS) on serum leptin and adiponectin concentration and overall body weight of Wistar rats subjected to High Fat Diet (HFD) induced obesity and also on the offspring of the experimental group. <strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 Wistar rats were procured of which group A-served as the normal control and received rats chow and water ad <em>libitum</em>, Group B=Obesed+pregnant untreated and were all fed with normal rat chow and water ad <em>libitium</em>. Groups C, D, E, F, G and H of five rats each were obese and were selected and divided into the five groups viz; Group C- obese without treatment, Group D-obese+100 mg/kg MAS, Group E-obese+200 mg/kg of MAS, Group F-obese+pregnant+100 mg/kg of MAS, Group G-obese+pregnant+200 mg/kg of MAS and Group H-obese+pregnant+1.2 mg/kg of Xenical IP. Induction of pregnancy was carried out and varying doses of MAS and standard drug Xenical IP was administered for another period of 4 weeks and their effects were analyzed. Data for body weights, concentration of serum leptin and adiponectin were collected and analyzed. Post-partum, body weight and length of offspring were also measured and recorded. Data from experimental and control groups were evaluated and compared to determine differences in the various groups. <strong>Results:</strong> <em>Musa acuminata</em> sap had statistical <em>p</em>&lt;0.05 significant decrease in body weight and serum leptin concentration while increasing serum adiponectin concentration compared to the normal control. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that <em>Musa acuminata </em>sap possesses potential anti-obesity properties possibly through modulation the of leptin and adiponectin concentration, highlighting it as a possible therapeutic agent for the management of obesity and metabolic disorders. Therefore, Public awareness should also be made and encouraged to help people prevent and manage obesity.</p> Ani Celestine Okafor Polycarp Amarachi Favour Oti Clinton Uchenna Ejim Nnamdi Ferdinand Nweke Luke Maduka Ugwuagbo Valentine Onah Emmanuel Sunday Okeke Adaobi Pearl Etim Bassey Nyong Agbor Joseph Ikenna ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 100 106 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.19 Awareness, Prevalence and Perception of Chronic Diseases (Obesity, Typhoid Fever, Sepsis (Gastroenteritis), among Rural Dwellers in Nomeh-Unateze Community in Nkanu-East L.G.A, Enugu State https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/772 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Aim: </strong>This study investigated the prevalence, perception and awareness of chronic diseases (obesity, typhoid fever and sepsis (gastroenteritis)-among rural dwellers in Nomeh-Unateze Community in Nkanu-East Local Government Area (LGA), Enugu State, Nigeria. Chronic diseases are a significant public health challenge, particularly in rural areas where access to healthcare and information is often limited. <strong>Methods: </strong>This study design is employed, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The findings revealed a slightly high prevalence of obesity and notable cases of typhoid fever and sepsis within the community. Perception analysis shows varying degrees of understanding and misconceptions about these diseases, influenced by cultural beliefs and limited health education. <strong>Results:</strong> Awareness levels are generally low, highlighting a critical gap in health knowledge and the need for targeted interventions. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed the importance of enhancing health education and improving access to healthcare services in rural areas. And implementing community-based health education programs, increasing healthcare infrastructure and fostering collaboration between Local Health Authorities and community leaders. The outcomes aim to inform policy development and health strategies to combat chronic diseases in rural Nigeria.</p> Nweke Luke Maduka Ani Okafor Celestine Izugha Dennis Ugochuwku Ude Maureen Ifunanya Mbajunwa Chukwuemeka Elvis Eze Kosisochuwku Erica Onah Emmanuel Sunday Etim Nyong Bassey ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 107 116 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.20 Effect of Nap Behaviour on Neurocognitive Functions among Indian Medical Undergraduates: A Preliminary Report https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/784 <p style="text-align: justify;">The understanding of the relationship between napping and cognitive performances among Indian medical undergraduates is not fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of napping behavior on neurocognitive performances. Also, to explore the causes behind the napping behavior and its effect on sleep quality and overall well-being among Indian medical undergraduates. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at tertiary care at the Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda with a comparison group including a total of ninety-eight (98) right-handed Indian medical undergraduates with and without napping behavior using the Napping Behaviour Questionnaire. Other neuropsychological assessments include the Simple Motor Reaction Time; the Daytime Feelings and Functioning Scale; the Mental Fatigue Scale; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; WHO-5 Well-Being Index. All the above measurements were carried out in the morning session between 9:00 am-11:00 am but Simple Motor Reaction Time (SMRT) was carried out twice i.e., the morning hours (9:00-11:00 am) and the evening hours (9:00-11:00 pm) to assess and compare the cognitive performance during these timings. From the present study, the nappers showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) decrease in the evening hours reaction time compared to morning hours. Importantly, it was observed that as the duration of napping increased, the sleep quality statistically (r=0.226; p=0.038) was found to decrease. However, we didn't find a significant difference between nappers vs. non-nappers for the subcomponents analysis of sleep quality. A very interesting significant (p&lt;0.05) correlation was also observed between the well-being scores with the daytime feelings and functioning scores, sleep quality and the mental fatigue scores among the nappers’ group. The present findings concluded that a shorter duration of naps may be a possible ‘public health tool’ for better sleep quality that further enhances cognitive processing. Also, simple motor reaction time and sleep quality index may be used as a screening tool for the early detection of cognitive impairment associated with napping behavior among medical undergraduates.</p> Garima G Megha Aggarwal Dipti Magan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 117 129 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.21 Effect of Nap Behaviour on Neurocognitive Functions among Indian Medical Undergraduates: A Preliminary Report https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/792 <p>Not applicable</p> Himel Mondal Shaikat Mondal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 130 131 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.22 Unveiling the Deeper Layers: Latest in Fascial Research https://www.ijcep.org/index.php/ijcep/article/view/796 <p style="text-align: justify;">Fascia, earlier regarded as an inert filler tissue, was often removed and ignored in dissection halls, with very little of it being mentioned regarding its physiological relevance in medical teaching.<sup>[1]</sup> It is defined as “a sheath, a sheet, or any other dissectible aggregation of connective tissue that forms beneath the skin to attach, enclose, and separate muscles and other internal organs”.<sup>[2]</sup> The role of fascia in body biomechanics and locomotion came into light over the last two decades with current understanding being that it may contribute to neural, immune and endocrine functions in the body.<sup>[3]</sup></p> Santhosh Devika ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 11 3 132 133 10.5530/ijcep.2024.11.3.23